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How to use zener diode as voltage regulator

by shabbusharma

Why zener diode as voltage regulator Because a Zener diode is used as a voltage stabiliser or voltage regulator to provides a constant voltage from a source whose voltage may …

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Wien’s displacement law formula

by shabbusharma

According to wien’s displacement law, the wavelength (λm) corresponding to maximum energy density is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature (T) of the body. This is called wien’s displacement law …

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The various types of renewable sources of energy are used in present days.

by shabbusharma

Those types of Energy sources which can be renewed again and again are called renewable sources of energy. They are available in very large amount and probably they will never …

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Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics. And limitations of Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics

by shabbusharma

Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics Classical statistics is generally known as Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics because it got its birth from Maxwell’s law of distribution of molecular speed and Boltzmann’s theorem relating entropy and probability. …

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Positive and negative feedback amplifier

by shabbusharma

When a part of output signal is fed back to the input of circuit through a suitable network, the process is called feedback. Feedback is of two types Positive and …

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Hartley oscillator I Hartley Oscillator Working I Hartley Oscillator Derivation

by shabbusharma

Hartley oscillator Definition Fig. 4 shows the circuit diagram of a Hartley oscillator using a transistor in C.E. configuration. In hartley oscillator, tank circuit consists of L1, L2 and C1. …

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Tuned Collector Oscillator

by shabbusharma

Construction of tuned collector oscillator It consists of a tank circuit or LC tuned circuit connected to the Collector of the transistor. Hence, the name of this oscillator is tuned …

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Operational Amplifier

by shabbusharma

What is Operational Amplifier An operational amplifier (OP-AMP) is a very high gain differential Amplifier with high input impedance and low input impedance. It is direct coupled and uses negative …

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Colpitts Oscillator Derivation

by shabbusharma

Fig. 6 Shows the circuit diagram of Colpitts oscillator. What is Colpitts Oscillator? In this oscillator, tank circuit consists of C1,C2, and L. Stabilized self-bias to the amplifier is provided …

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RC phase shift oscillator I Working of phase shift oscillator I Phase shift oscillator

by shabbusharma

Fig. 8 shows the circuit diagram of RC phase shift oscillator using transistor in CE configuration. In this circuit, stabilized self-bias to the amplifier is provided by R1, R2, R3, …

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